Cylinder head structure for internal-combustion engines



Dec. 12, 1950 w. v. FALCON 2,533,442

CYLINDER HEAD STRUCTURE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed June 15, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 dvk INvEmH-U I /0 I25 m Dec. 12, 1950 w. v. FALCON 5 CYLINDER READ STRUCTURE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed June 15, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 12, 1950 CYLINDER HEAD STRUCTURE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES William V. Falcon, Revere, Mass.

Application June 15, 1948, Serial No. 83,184

1 Claim.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, particularly Diesel engines, and more particularly to the cylinder head structure thereof.

Conventional cylinder head castings for internal combustion engines, particularly Diesel en-v gines, are heavy and expensive; Such castings require a great deal of core work and the capacity of the water jacketing is limited. Parts subjected to high temperatures becauseof lack of cooling capacity in the conventional cylinder head structure must be specially made.

Accordingly the principal object of the invention is to reduce the weight and the cost of the cylinder head structure and to increase its cooling capacity in an internal combustion engine. It is also an object to provide in an internal combustion en e a simplified cylinder head structure which may be readily disassembled into its component parts.

Accordingly I provide a cylinder head structure of a built-up' yp associated with a cylinder liner of high grade material. The said structure includes a separate combustion space casting or chamber unit of the same material as the cylinder liner which is attached to the top of the liner with a special leak-proof and high pressure gasket, and separate exhaust and intake passage casings also separately mounted and attached to the top of the cylinder liner with all of the said parts of 30 studs or screws 32 through flanges 33 and by plates the cylinder head structure enclosed in a separately attached large built-up water jacket of inexpensive sheet material. Only the cylinder liner itself and the combustion chamber casting are made of high grade material, the remaining parts being conveniently made of any low grade metals such as ordinary sheet steel, aluminum alloy and the like.

Further objects of the invention will be apparent from the description and illustration of a preferred embodiment, the details of which, however, are illustrative and notintended to limit the invention beyond the requirements of the prior art.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the structure of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a section taken along the lines 2--2 of Fig. 1; I

Fig. 3 is a section taken along the lines 3-4 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a partial, enlarged sectional view of part of the structure.

In the drawings a so-called closed cylinder liner I is hown inserted in a cylinder block casting H with the water'jacket space l2 between them.

2 The liner i0 is the usual steel casting of high grade material such as chrome, or nickel steel alloy suitable for the purpose. The engine illustrated is a .four cylinder engine and therefore 5 there are four liners l0. Each liner I0 is inserted in the block II and secured by a pair of plates l6 and the studs or screws 11. The liners ID are also secured to the block II by plates 3 and the studs or screws l9. Each liner ID has an opening 0 leading through a combustion space 2i within 20 is wedge-shape in section and which cooperates with a similar circular gasket groove 29 in the top of the liner I0.' A gasket 30a in the grooves 28 and 29 forms a pressure leak-proof joint between a the chamber 22 and the interior of the cylinder liner I0 when the screws are set up to compress the gasket 30a.

Separately attached to the top of each liner III is an intake passage casing 30 and an exhaust passage casing 3|. These casings are secured by 36 between them held down to the block II by studs or screws 31. Each intake casing 30 and exhaust casing 31 is a separate unit and each forms a separate passage to the top of the cylin- 35 der liner [0 and is sealed oil as by a suitable gasket 39. The intake and exhaust passage casings 30 and 3| can be made of any light material such as aluminum and, as will presently appear, need not be of the high quality material of the liner H! or the combustion chamber 22. The

50 sheet steel, aluminum or other light, inexpensive metal bolted together. The space confined by the water jacket and surrounding the combustion chamber 22 and the intake and exhaust passage casings 30 and 3! forms a water jacket 66 space 46 through which cooling liquid can freely be circulated by the usual circulation system. A starting mechanism which may be of any suitable type is indicated at Ill and is shown fitted through the top of the water jacket structure 45 to the top or the combustion chamber 22. Its actuating levers ll may be conveniently bolted through the top of the water jacket 45 to flanges 52 on the intake and exhaust passage casings II and II. The starting mechanism 50 and actuating levers ll may be conveniently supported and enclosed in an upper housing 55 made out of the same material as the water jacket 45 which also serves as a protection against dust and dirt.

It will thus be seen that the combustion chamber 22 and the exhaust and intake passage casings 30 and 3|, within the confines of the cylinder head structure which is defined by the water jacket 45 are kept adequately cool. It will also be apparent that the cylinder head structure while forming a strong integral relationship with the cylinder liner III for the desired purposes is also ver light and simple.

I claim:

In an internal combustion engine a cylinder block, a removable cylinder liner inserted in and bolted to said block, said cylinder liner having a top wall and holes in said wall, a removable combustion chamber casing bolted over one oi said holes and to said top wall, separately removable intake passage and exhaust passage casings, each respectively bolted over one 0! the remaining holes in said top wall, and a removable built up sheet metal water jacket comprising several parts bolted together and over said liner and surrounding all of said casings.

WILLIAM V. FALCON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,226,595 Pullinger May 15, 1917 1,233,964 Birkigt July 17, 1917 1,526,744 Eberle Feb. 17, 1925 2,033,350 Murphy Mar. 10, 1936 2,085,810 Ljungstrom July 6, 1937 2,089,277 Loemer Aug. 10, 1937 

